CRC校验及延伸
Online CRC
Modbus
Modbus是一种串行通信协议，是Modicon公司（现在的施耐德电气 Schneider Electric）于1979年为使用可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）通信而发表。Modbus已经成为工业领域通信协议事实上的业界标准，并且现在是工业电子设备之间常用的连接方式。[1] Modbus比其他通信协议使用的更广泛的主要原因有：
- 公开发表并且无著作权要求
- 易于部署和维护
- 对供应商来说，修改移动本地的比特或字节没有很多限制
Modbus允许多个 (大约240个) 设备连接在同一个网络上进行通信，举个例子，一个由测量温度和湿度的设备，并且将结果发送给计算机。在数据采集与监视控制系统（SCADA）中，Modbus通常用来连接监控计算机和远程终端控制系统（RTU）。
c# crc校验实现
byte[] cmd = new byte[] { 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x10, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x01, 0x2c, 0x01, 0x2c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x37, 0x03, 0xe8, 0x03, 0xe8, 0x64, 0x05, 0x03, 0xe8, 0x03, 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x11, 0x11, 0x00, 0x01 };
/////////////////////crc16 xmodem demo
static ushort Cal_crc16(byte[] data)
{
ushort wCRC = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
{
wCRC ^= (ushort)(data[i] << 8);
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
if ((wCRC & 0x8000) != 0)
wCRC = (ushort)((wCRC << 1) ^ 0x1021);
else
wCRC <<= 1;
}
}
return wCRC;
}
ushort vv = Cal_crc16(cmd);
Console.WriteLine("crc16-xmodem：{0}",Convert.ToString(vv, 16));
/////////////////crc16 rtu/modbus demo
// 如何计算Modbus RTU消息CRC (https://ctlsys.com/support/how_to_compute_the_modbus_rtu_message_crc/)
// 为了确保消息数据的完整性，除了验证消息CRC之外，建议实施代码以检查串行端口（UART）成帧错误。如果接收到的消息中的CRC与接收设备计算出的CRC不匹配，则应忽略该消息。下面的C语言代码片段显示了如何使用按位移位和异或运算来计算Modbus消息CRC。使用消息帧中的每个字节（组成CRC本身的最后两个字节除外）计算CRC。
// Compute the MODBUS RTU CRC
ushort ModRTU_CRC(byte[] buf, int len)
{
ushort crc = 0xFFFF;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
crc ^= (ushort)buf[i]; // XOR byte into least sig. byte of crc
for (int j = 8; j != 0; j--)
{ // Loop over each bit
if ((crc & 0x0001) != 0)
{ // If the LSB is set
crc >>= 1; // Shift right and XOR 0xA001
crc ^= 0xA001;
}
else // Else LSB is not set
crc >>= 1; // Just shift right
}
}
// Note, this number has low and high bytes swapped, so use it accordingly (or swap bytes)
return crc;
}
ushort vv2 = ModRTU_CRC(cmd, cmd.Length);
Console.WriteLine("crc16-rtu/modbus:{0}",Convert.ToString(vv2, 16));
//////////////////////////////crc16 rtu/modbus demo
ushort[] CrcTable = {
0X0000, 0XC0C1, 0XC181, 0X0140, 0XC301, 0X03C0, 0X0280, 0XC241,
0XC601, 0X06C0, 0X0780, 0XC741, 0X0500, 0XC5C1, 0XC481, 0X0440,
0XCC01, 0X0CC0, 0X0D80, 0XCD41, 0X0F00, 0XCFC1, 0XCE81, 0X0E40,
0X0A00, 0XCAC1, 0XCB81, 0X0B40, 0XC901, 0X09C0, 0X0880, 0XC841,
0XD801, 0X18C0, 0X1980, 0XD941, 0X1B00, 0XDBC1, 0XDA81, 0X1A40,
0X1E00, 0XDEC1, 0XDF81, 0X1F40, 0XDD01, 0X1DC0, 0X1C80, 0XDC41,
0X1400, 0XD4C1, 0XD581, 0X1540, 0XD701, 0X17C0, 0X1680, 0XD641,
0XD201, 0X12C0, 0X1380, 0XD341, 0X1100, 0XD1C1, 0XD081, 0X1040,
0XF001, 0X30C0, 0X3180, 0XF141, 0X3300, 0XF3C1, 0XF281, 0X3240,
0X3600, 0XF6C1, 0XF781, 0X3740, 0XF501, 0X35C0, 0X3480, 0XF441,
0X3C00, 0XFCC1, 0XFD81, 0X3D40, 0XFF01, 0X3FC0, 0X3E80, 0XFE41,
0XFA01, 0X3AC0, 0X3B80, 0XFB41, 0X3900, 0XF9C1, 0XF881, 0X3840,
0X2800, 0XE8C1, 0XE981, 0X2940, 0XEB01, 0X2BC0, 0X2A80, 0XEA41,
0XEE01, 0X2EC0, 0X2F80, 0XEF41, 0X2D00, 0XEDC1, 0XEC81, 0X2C40,
0XE401, 0X24C0, 0X2580, 0XE541, 0X2700, 0XE7C1, 0XE681, 0X2640,
0X2200, 0XE2C1, 0XE381, 0X2340, 0XE101, 0X21C0, 0X2080, 0XE041,
0XA001, 0X60C0, 0X6180, 0XA141, 0X6300, 0XA3C1, 0XA281, 0X6240,
0X6600, 0XA6C1, 0XA781, 0X6740, 0XA501, 0X65C0, 0X6480, 0XA441,
0X6C00, 0XACC1, 0XAD81, 0X6D40, 0XAF01, 0X6FC0, 0X6E80, 0XAE41,
0XAA01, 0X6AC0, 0X6B80, 0XAB41, 0X6900, 0XA9C1, 0XA881, 0X6840,
0X7800, 0XB8C1, 0XB981, 0X7940, 0XBB01, 0X7BC0, 0X7A80, 0XBA41,
0XBE01, 0X7EC0, 0X7F80, 0XBF41, 0X7D00, 0XBDC1, 0XBC81, 0X7C40,
0XB401, 0X74C0, 0X7580, 0XB541, 0X7700, 0XB7C1, 0XB681, 0X7640,
0X7200, 0XB2C1, 0XB381, 0X7340, 0XB101, 0X71C0, 0X7080, 0XB041,
0X5000, 0X90C1, 0X9181, 0X5140, 0X9301, 0X53C0, 0X5280, 0X9241,
0X9601, 0X56C0, 0X5780, 0X9741, 0X5500, 0X95C1, 0X9481, 0X5440,
0X9C01, 0X5CC0, 0X5D80, 0X9D41, 0X5F00, 0X9FC1, 0X9E81, 0X5E40,
0X5A00, 0X9AC1, 0X9B81, 0X5B40, 0X9901, 0X59C0, 0X5880, 0X9841,
0X8801, 0X48C0, 0X4980, 0X8941, 0X4B00, 0X8BC1, 0X8A81, 0X4A40,
0X4E00, 0X8EC1, 0X8F81, 0X4F40, 0X8D01, 0X4DC0, 0X4C80, 0X8C41,
0X4400, 0X84C1, 0X8581, 0X4540, 0X8701, 0X47C0, 0X4680, 0X8641,
0X8201, 0X42C0, 0X4380, 0X8341, 0X4100, 0X81C1, 0X8081, 0X4040 };
static UInt16 ComputeCrc(byte[] data, ushort[] crcTable)
{
ushort crc = 0xFFFF;
foreach (byte datum in data)
{
crc = (ushort)((crc >> 8) ^ crcTable[(crc ^ datum) & 0xFF]);
}
return crc;
}
ushort vv3 = ComputeCrc(cmd, CrcTable);
Console.WriteLine("crc16-rtu/modbus demo:{0}",Convert.ToString(vv3, 16));
//////////////////crc16 ccitt-false demo
ushort Crc16Ccitt(byte[] bytes)
{
const ushort poly = 0x1021;
ushort[] table = new ushort[256];
ushort initialValue = 0xffff;
ushort temp, a;
ushort crc = initialValue;
for (int i = 0; i < table.Length; ++i)
{
temp = 0;
a = (ushort)(i << 8);
for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
{
if (((temp ^ a) & 0x8000) != 0)
temp = (ushort)((temp << 1) ^ poly);
else
temp <<= 1;
a <<= 1;
}
table[i] = temp;
}
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; ++i)
{
crc = (ushort)((crc << 8) ^ table[((crc >> 8) ^ (0xff & bytes[i]))]);
}
return crc;
}
ushort vv4 = Crc16Ccitt(cmd);
Console.WriteLine("crc16-ccitt-false：{0}",Convert.ToString(vv4, 16));